Abstract: Objective This research was to understand the distribution of risk factors in smoking a-mong residents in Fujian province．Methods 3-stage sampling was adopted to collect 15-69 year old constant inhabitants at sites of surveillance for questionnaire investigation．Results The rate of learn-ing about harms of smoking among residents at sites of surveillance was 81.77％．Higher than that of cognition on hypertension and hyperlipemia．Most people supported launching prohibition on smoking in public places．The smoking rate and rate of smoking at present were 36.24％and 26.82％，respec-tively．Ordinal logistic regression indicated that women were better in knowing the danger of smoking than men. With an up-rise in cognition along with age and education；Men，especially with lower ed-ucation and low income，comparatively displayed passiveness in the attitude of smoking control．Conclusion The cognition rate of harmfulness in smoking was low among residents and the govem-ment is advised to institute interventional measures to promote healthy cognition and attitude，SO as to foster benignant