Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the epidemic status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantaan virus infection in people and animal in Xingshan county, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFRS in three gorges reservoir area. MethodsThe descriptive epidemiological analysis, field survey and laboratory etiological and serological surveillance were conducted. ResultsA total of 1831 serum samples of healthy people were detected during 1997-2007 in Xingshan county, which indicated that the asymptomatic infection rate of HSRS was 2.18%. Most infection were in farmers with the infection rate of 3.23%, and most infection occurred in people aged 30-50 years with the infection rate of 3.10%. The ratio of men to women was 0.74∶1. The carrier rate of hantaan virus in 741 rats captured was 2.70%. The carrier rate of the virus in the rates inside house in surveillance area 2.79%, and the carrier rate in the rats in the wild was 2.46%. The predominant species inside house was Mus norvegicus with the carrier rate of 3.58%, while the predominant species in the wild was Apodemus agrarius with the carrier rate of 4.41%. ConclusionThe area around three gorges reservoir was potential epidemic area of HFRS. It is necessary to take the preventive and control measures and strengthen the HFRS surveillance in three gorges reservoir area.