Abstract: Objective To understand the quality of communicable disease reporting in China. Methods The field survey was conducted in 116 hospitals in 9 provinces selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Results A total of 2384 cases of communicable diseases recorded were surveyed, and 2053 paper reporting cards were collected. The completion rate of the reporting cards was 72.28%, the filling rates of diagnosis time and patient affiliation were the lowest. The accuracy rate of the reporting cards was 41.35%, the filling rates of onset date and diagnosis time were the lowest. The consistent rate between paper reporting cards and network reporting was 68.64%, the classification of acute and chronic type of cases had lowest consistent rate.The complete rate, the accuracy rate and consistent rate of the reporting cards in the eastern China were higher than those in the central China, while the complete rate and consistent rate in the western China were high.The quality of communicable disease report of medical institutions at township level was higher than those of medical institutions at provincial and municipal level. Conclusion The quality of notifiable communicable disease reporting in China needs to be further improved.Medical institutions should strengthen the standardized management of notifiable disease reporting, ensure the accuracy of the information sources of communicable disease reporting, and take advantage of the hospital information system.