Abstract: Objective To understand the characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) in schools in Chongqing from 2015 to 2016. Methods The school TB surveillance database in Chongqing was established with Excel 2007 to collect TB epidemic information in local schools during this period, SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis, i.e. descriptive analysis and 2 test. Results The TB patients were mainly distributed in public schools and boarding schools, especially in senior secondary education period and secondary vocational education period. The registration rate of TB patients in schools increased gradually with the increase of education level in 2015(trend2=2 494.14,P0.01) and 2016(trend2=2 713.45,P0.01). The TB registering rates in students receiving senior secondary education were 98.37/100 000 and 103.98/100 000 respectively in 2015 and 2016, and the TB registering rate in students receiving secondary vocational education was 89.02/100 000 in 2016, which were higher than the rates in general population during the same period. In 2015 and 2016, the proportion of smear negative patients were 79.21% and 77.08%, the proportions of students receiving no sputum check were 2.26% and 1.77%, the proportions of students patients with tuberculous pleurisy were 6.15% and 7.21%, which were higher than those in general population during same period, the differences were significant (P0.05). Conclusion The incidence of TB was high in the students receiving senior secondary education and secondary vocational education in Chongqing, especially in the students of boarding schools. The incidences of smear negative TB and pleurisy were higher in students than in general population, indicating the focus in TB prevention and control in schools. It is of great importance to strengthen the active surveillance for TB prevention and control in schools in Chongqing.