Abstract: The growing bacterial drug resistance has become a serious public health problem and a big challenge to clinical diagnosis, laboratory test and bacterial drug resistance surveillance. Antimicrobial susceptibility test and polymerase chain reaction are the most common techniques used in bacterial drug resistance test. With the spread of new high techniques, such as gene chip technique, whole-genome sequencing, micro-fluidics technique and others, the performance of bacterial drug resistance testing has been greatly improved to become higher throughput, more rapid and more accurate. The new techniques would facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment, bacterial drug resistance test and surveillance. This paper summarizes the characteristics of different bacterial drug resistance testing techniques for the application under different conditions.