ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence of brucellosis in Yunnan province in recent years and assess risk factors causing brucellosis, provide a scientific basis for developing effective prevention strategies.

MethodsThe epidemiological data of brucellosis in Yunnan were collected from 2006 to 2018 through China Disease Prevention and Control System, the database was set up and the geographical distribution maps were drawn with software ArcGIS 10.2.

ResultsBrucellosis was detected in 1 county in 2006 and in 48 counties in 2018 in Yunnan and had been reported in 77 counties accumulatively, accounting for 59.69%（77/129）of total counties. Brucellosis occurred in every year during this period and a total of 1 239 brucellosis cases reported without death. The prefectures (municipality) with high incidence rate were Honghe, Kunming and Qujing, where 67.23% of the cases were reported. Although the disease occurred all the year round, 59.48% of cases were reported in summer and autumn. Cases aged 20–69 years accounted for 88.22%, most cases was farmers (78.53%), and more men (71.99%) were infected compared with women (28.01%).

ConclusionThe prevalence of brucellosis increased rapidly in Yunnan, resulting in more infected areas and cases. The important prevention and control measures include health education, stff training, improvement of surveillance and detection, enhanced cooperation between different departments to find and response epidemic as early as possible, standardized case management and reducing chronic rate caused by the disease.