杨英超, 张华捷, 马霄. 肉毒梭菌及其毒素分型方法概述[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(1): 23-31. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011300401
引用本文: 杨英超, 张华捷, 马霄. 肉毒梭菌及其毒素分型方法概述[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(1): 23-31. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011300401
Yang Yingchao, Zhang Huajie, Ma Xiao. Review on Clostridium botulinum and its toxin typing methods[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2022, 37(1): 23-31. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011300401
Citation: Yang Yingchao, Zhang Huajie, Ma Xiao. Review on Clostridium botulinum and its toxin typing methods[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2022, 37(1): 23-31. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011300401

肉毒梭菌及其毒素分型方法概述

Review on Clostridium botulinum and its toxin typing methods

  • 摘要: 自1897年van Ermengem分离并报道了可形成孢子的肉毒梭菌导致人类中毒以来,研究人员通过血清中和方法发现自然界中存在7种不同型别的肉毒梭菌。 随后,再次应用血清学方法又发现了可产生双价毒素Ab、Ba、AB、Af和Bf等肉毒梭菌。 随着基因测序技术的逐渐成熟和完善,通过提取肉毒梭菌基因进行全基因组测序,不仅可识别不同血清型肉毒毒素的基因组成,也可开展核酸或蛋白质分子水平的分型研究。 相比血清中和分型方法,这些新涌现的分型技术和方法不仅可解开血清学分类中遇到的难题,更可快速准确地鉴别肉毒梭菌导致的食物或药物中毒,并追踪源头及应用相应药物治疗。 此外,不同分型方法对于肉毒梭菌菌种鉴定和使用,新型毒素的研发都提供了新的工具和思路。

     

    Abstract: Since van Ermengem isolated and reported that the spore-forming Clostridium botulinum caused human poison in 1897, researchers found that there are 7 types of Clostridium botulinum in nature through serum neutralization methods. Subsequently, serological methods were also used to discover Clostridium botulinum that can produce bivalent toxins such as Ab, Ba, AB, Af and Bf. With the gradual maturity and improvement of gene sequencing technology, whole-genome sequencing by extracting Clostridium botulinum genomic DNA can not only identify the genetic composition of different serotypes of botulinum toxin, but also carry out typing studies at the nucleic acid or protein molecular level. Compared with serum neutralization methods, these newly emerging typing techniques and methods can not only solve the problems encountered in serological classification, but also quickly and accurately identify and track food or drug poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum and the application of corresponding medications. In addition, different typing methods provide new tools and ideas for the identification and use of Clostridium botulinum strains and the development of new toxins.

     

/

返回文章
返回