张一, 周高祥, 苗超, 石亚锋. 浙江省余姚市中小学生近视流行现况分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(12): 1347-1350. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101190031
引用本文: 张一, 周高祥, 苗超, 石亚锋. 浙江省余姚市中小学生近视流行现况分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(12): 1347-1350. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101190031
Zhang Yi, Zhou Gaoxiang, Miao Chao, Shi Yafeng. Prevalence of myopia in school students in Yuyao, Zhejiang[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(12): 1347-1350. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101190031
Citation: Zhang Yi, Zhou Gaoxiang, Miao Chao, Shi Yafeng. Prevalence of myopia in school students in Yuyao, Zhejiang[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(12): 1347-1350. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101190031

浙江省余姚市中小学生近视流行现况分析

Prevalence of myopia in school students in Yuyao, Zhejiang

  • 摘要:
      目的  了解浙江省余姚市中小学学生近视患病情况,为做好防控工作提供参考依据。
      方法  2020年9 — 12月采用普查的方法,对全市所有中小学生进行问卷调查,裸眼视力测定和屈光检测。
      结果  共调查中小学生109 088人,回收有效问卷104 800份。 近视患病率为51.96%,女生明显高于男生(H=345,P<0.01),汉族学生患病率明显高于其他民族(H=663,P<0.01),城区学生明显高于农村学生(H=1182,P<0.01)。 公办学校学生患病率明显低于民办学校学生(H=122,P<0.01)。 普通高中学生患病率最高,其次是职高、初中,小学最低。 随学龄的延长,近视患病率明显升高,二者具有相关性(r=0.90)。 在低学龄段(1~6年)学生中,以轻度近视为主,高学龄段(7~12年)学生则以中度和重度近视为主。
      结论  余姚市中小学生的近视患病率较高,有低龄化、严重化的趋势; 应进一步采取综合性干预措施以降低全市中小学生的近视发病。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To understand the prevalence of myopia in school students in Yuyao, Zhejiang province, and provide the scientific basis for further prevention and control of myopia in students.
      Methods  A cross-sectional study of myopia was carried, all the students in Yuyao received visual acuity and refraction tests.
      Results  A total 109088 students were surveyed by using questionnaire in Yuyao with 104 800 valid questionnaires returned. The prevalence rate of myopia in the students was 51.96%. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in girl students than in boy students (H=345, P<0.01). The prevalence rate in Han ethnic students was significantly higher than that in students in other ethnic groups (H=663, P<0.01). The prevalence rate of students in public schools was significantly lower than that of students in private schools(H=122, P<0.01). The prevalence rate was significantly higher in urban students than in rural students (H=1182, P<0.01). Senior high students had highest prevalence rate of myopia, followed by vocational senior high school students, junior high school students and primary school students. With the increase of school age, the prevalence rate of myopia also increased significantly (r=0.90). In low school aged students (1–6 years), mild myopia was common, while in high school aged students (7–12 years), moderate and severe myopia were common.
      Conclusion  The prevalence of myopia was higher in students in Yuyao, with a younger age and severity trend. In order to reduce the prevalence of myopia in students, it is necessary to take further comprehensive intervention measures.

     

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