2012－2021年浙江省湖州市女性乳腺癌死亡及寿命损失时间趋势分析

丁晶莹; 俞梅华; 黃铮

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202204240172

2012－2021年浙江省湖州市女性乳腺癌死亡及寿命损失时间趋势分析

Analysis on time trends of breast cancer death and life lost in women in Huzhou, 2012−2021

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2012—2021年浙江省湖州市女性乳腺癌死亡特征分布及寿命损失时间趋势情况，为防治乳腺癌提供依据。
方法通过浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统收集2012—2021年湖州市女性乳腺癌死亡监测资料，计算粗死亡率、标化率、潜在减寿年（PYLL）、潜在工作损失年（WPYLL）等指标，了解乳腺癌死亡分布特征及对人群健康的影响，运用年度变化百分比（APC）分析乳腺癌死亡的时间变化趋势。
结果 2012—2021年湖州市女性乳腺癌粗死亡率从2012年的5.43/10万上升至2021年的7.10/10万，APC为3.98%，呈上升趋势（P＜0.05）；标化死亡率从3.98/10万上升至5.19/10万，APC为1.82%，差异无统计学意义。死亡最早出现在18岁，死亡率主要从30岁以后逐渐增加，并在55～59岁组出现第一个小高峰（13.08/10万），在80～84岁年龄组死亡率达到最高峰（23.38/10万），其中70～74岁组死亡率随时间变化呈上升趋势（APC=7.57%，P=0.016）。乳腺癌死亡造成的PYLL为9 985人年，PYLL率从2012年的0.66‰上升至2021年的0.77‰；WPYLL为6267人年，WPYLL率从0.43‰上升至0.44‰，变化趋势不明显。女性乳腺癌PYLL率、WPYLL率均随年龄增长先升后降，高峰在50～54岁，分别为1.90‰和1.30‰。
结论 2012—2021年湖州市女性乳腺癌粗死亡率呈上升趋势，因患乳腺癌最早死亡的为18岁， 50～54岁中年女性为高危人群。女性乳腺癌造成的PYLL、WPYLL差异均无统计学意义。应加强对青少年女性的宣传教育，提倡健康的生活方式；加强中年女性的“三早”预防的宣传教育，及早治疗乳腺相关疾病，定期进行乳腺癌筛查，减少癌前病变，降低乳腺癌的发生率和死亡率。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and life lost time trend of breast cancer in women in Huzhou, Zhejiang province, from 2012 to 2021, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer in women.
Methods The data of breast cancer death surveillance in women in Huzhou from 2012 to 2021 were collected from the surveillance information management system of Zhejiang province, the crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, potential life lost year (PYLL) and potential work loss year (WPYLL) of breast cancer were calculated. The annual percentage (APC) was used to analyze the time trend of breast cancer death in women.
Results The crude death rate of breast cancer in women in Huzhou increased from 5.43/100 000 in 2012 to 7.10/100 000 in 2021, and APC was 3.98%, showing an upward trend (P<0.05); the standardized mortality increased from 3.98/100 000 to 5.19/100 000, and the APC was 1.82%. The earliest death occurred at age of 18 years, and the mortality increased gradually from age of 30 years, and the sub-peak (13.08/100000) occurred in age group 55−59 years, and the peak (23.38/100000) occurred in age group 80−84 years. The mortality in age group of 70−74 years showed an upward trend with time (APC=7.57%, P=0.016). The PYLL caused by breast cancer death was 9985 years, and the PYLL rate increased from 0.66‰ in 2012 to 0.77‰ in 2021. The WPYLL was 6267 person years, and the WPYLL rate increased from 0.43‰ to 0.44‰ with no obvious change trend. The rates of PYLL and WPYLL of female breast cancer increased first and then decreased with age, reaching peaks of 1.90‰ and 1.30‰, respectively, at age of 50−54 years,.
Conclusion During 2012−2021 the crude mortality rate of breast cancer in women in Huzhou was in increase. The earliest death of breast cancer occurred at age of 18 years. The high-risk group was women aged 50–54 years. There was no significant differences in the PYLL and WPYLL caused by female breast cancer. It is necessary to strengthen the health education about breast cancer and promote healthy lifestyle in young women, improve the early detection, early treatment and early blocking of breast cancer in middle-aged women to reduce precancerous lesions and the incidence and mortality of breast cancer.

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