1990－2019年北京市和上海市帕金森病的疾病负担分析

武璐丽; 李婕; 由金玲; 刘韫宁; 刘江美; 周脉耕; 牛丕业

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202104010168

摘要:

目的本研究旨在分析1990 — 2019年北京市和上海市帕金森病的疾病负担指标及变化趋势。

方法利用2019年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究数据，使用患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年（DALYs）指标分析北京市和上海市帕金森病的疾病负担现状，并通过1990 — 2019年的变化率量化上述指标的长期变化趋势。按性别和年龄分层分析北京市和上海市帕金森病疾病负担状况。

结果 2019年北京市帕金森病的患病数为4.78万例，标化患病率为146.21/10万，较1990年分别增加397.68%、24.26%；死亡数为1 107例，标化死亡率为3.76/10万，较1990年分别增加171.06%、–42.74%；DALYs为2.19万人年，标化DALY率为69.51/10万，较1990年分别增加165.36%、–36.28%。 2019年上海市帕金森病的患病数为5.65万例，标化患病率为132.99/10万，较1990年分别增加331.17%、35.71%；死亡数为1 655例，标化死亡率为4.17/10万，较1990年分别增加121.15%、–41.19%；DALYs为3.00万人年，标化DALY率为73.01/10万，较1990年分别增加120.93%、–33.46%。 2019年北京市男性帕金森病标化患病率、标化死亡率、标化DALY率分别是女性的1.51、2.62、2.12倍；上海市男性帕金森病标化患病率、标化死亡率、标化DALY率分别是女性的1.48、2.03、1.76倍。帕金森病的患病率、死亡率和DALY率均为15～49岁年龄组人群最低，50～74岁年龄组次之，75岁及以上年龄组最高。

结论 2019年上海市帕金森病的疾病负担水平普遍高于北京市。 1990 — 2019年北京市和上海市帕金森病的标化患病率呈上升趋势，标化死亡率和DALY率呈下降趋势。男性帕金森病的疾病负担指标均高于女性，75岁及以上年龄组人群疾病负担指标均高于其他年龄组。应加强对帕金森病的管理和防治。

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the disease burden of Parkinson's disease and its trend in Beijing and Shanghai from 1990 to 2019.

Methods The prevalence data of Parkinson’s disease in Beijing and Shanghai were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019. The prevalence rate, mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to analyze the disease burden of Parkinson’s disease in Beijing and Shanghai, the percentage change between 1990 and 2019 were compared. Moreover, we also analyzed the gender and age specific disease burden of Parkinson's disease in Beijing and Shanghai.

Results In Beijing, there were 47 800 cases of Parkinson's disease in 2019, an increase of 397.68% compared with 1990, and the standardized prevalence rate was 146.21/100 000, an increase of 24.26% compared with 1990; the number of deaths was 1 107, an increase of 171.06% compared with 1990, and the standardized death rate was 3.76/100 000, a decrease of 42.74% compared with 1990; the DALYs was 21 900 person-years, an increase of 165.36% compared with 1990, and the standardized DALY rate was 69.51/100 000, a decrease of 36.28% compared with 1990. In Shanghai, there were 56 500 cases of Parkinson's disease in 2019, an increase of 331.17% compared with 1990, and the standardized prevalence rate was 132.99/100 000, an increase of 35.71% compared with 1990; the number of deaths was 1 655, an increase of 121.15% compared with 1990, the standardized mortality rate was 4.17/100 000, a decrease of 41.19% compared with 1990; the DALYs was 30 000 person-years, an increase of 120.93% compared with 1990, and the age-standardized DALY rate was 73.01/100 000, a decrease of 33.46%compared with 1990. In 2019, the age-standardized prevalence, mortality and DALY rates of Parkinson's disease in men were 1.51, 2.62 and 2.12 times higher than that in women, respectively, in Beijing, and the age-standardized prevalence, mortality and DALY rates in men were 1.48, 2.03 and 1.76 times higher than that in women, respectively, in Shanghai. The prevalence, mortality and DALY rates of Parkinson's disease were highest in the age group ≥75 years, followed by those in age group 50–74 years, and in age group 15–49 years.

Conclusion The disease burden of Parkinson's disease was more serious in Shanghai than in Beijing in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the standardized prevalence rate of Parkinson's disease showed an increasing trend, while the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate showed a decreasing trend in Beijing and Shanghai. The disease burden of Parkinson's disease was more serious in men than in women, and more serious in people aged ≥75 years than in other age groups. The management and prevention of Parkinson's disease should be strengthened.

1990－2019年北京市和上海市帕金森病的疾病负担分析

Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in Beijing and Shanghai, 1990 and 2019