张奕, 潘阳, 赵佳琛, 张代涛, 马春娜, 杨鹏, 王全意. 2016-2018年北京市流行性感冒住院病例的流行病学和临床特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(7): 626-629. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.07.011
引用本文: 张奕, 潘阳, 赵佳琛, 张代涛, 马春娜, 杨鹏, 王全意. 2016-2018年北京市流行性感冒住院病例的流行病学和临床特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(7): 626-629. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.07.011
Yi Zhang, Yang Pan, Jiachen Zhao, Daitao Zhang, Chunna Ma, Peng Yang, Quanyi Wang. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized influenza patients, Beijing, 2016–2018[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(7): 626-629. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.07.011
Citation: Yi Zhang, Yang Pan, Jiachen Zhao, Daitao Zhang, Chunna Ma, Peng Yang, Quanyi Wang. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized influenza patients, Beijing, 2016–2018[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(7): 626-629. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.07.011

2016-2018年北京市流行性感冒住院病例的流行病学和临床特征分析

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized influenza patients, Beijing, 2016–2018

  • 摘要:
    目的分析北京市严重急性呼吸道感染(SARI)确诊流行性感冒(流感)病例的流行病学和临床特征,探索疾病严重程度与流感感染型别的关系。
    方法将北京市2016年8月至2018年7月SARI哨点监测系统纳入的实验室确诊的流感住院患者作为研究对象。 按是否使用有创机械通气、重症监护室(ICU)治疗和死亡将患者分为重症组和轻症组,应用logistic回归模型探索重症与流感感染型别/亚型的关系。
    结果746例流感住院患者中,≥60岁和<5岁的患者分别占42.4%(316/746)和33.8%(252/746)。甲型和乙型流感感染者分别为598例(80.2%)和148例(19.8%)。其中6例(0.8%)使用了有创机械通气,17例(2.9%)经ICU治疗,4例(0.5%)死亡。 危险因素分析显示,甲型流感患者出现重症的风险为乙型患者的1.3倍(95%CI:0.4 ~ 4.7,P=0.655)。 甲型H1N1流感患者出现重症的风险为乙型Yamagata系流感患者的2.1倍(95%CI:0.5 ~ 8.5,P=0.295)。
    结论流感住院病例以老年人和儿童为主;甲型流感的临床严重程度是否重于乙型流感有待进一步验证。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of laboratory-confirmed influenza A and B cases in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), and explore the association between illness severity and influenza type.
    MethodsDescriptive epidemiologic analysis was conducted on the data of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases detected through SARI sentinel surveillance in Beijing from August 2016 to July 2018. Influenza patients were regarded as severe cases if they needed invasive mechanical ventilation, or received ICU treatment, or died during hospitalization; or else they were regarded as mild cases. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the association between type/subtype of influenza and illness severity.
    ResultsAmong 746 hospitalized influenza patients, 42.4%(316/746) were cases ≥60 years old and 33.8%(252/746) were <5 years old. 598 were infected with influenza A virus (80.2%) and 148 were infected with influenza B virus (19.8%). Six patients needed invasive mechanical ventilation (0.8%, 6/746), 17 patients needed intensive care (2.9%, 17/746) and 4 patients died during hospitalization (0.5%, 4/746). Influenza A patients had 1.3 times hider risk to have severe clinical course compared with influenza B patients (OR=1.3, 95% CI: 0.4–4.7, P=0.655). Compared with patients with influenza B/Yamagata virus infection, patients infected with influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus had 2.1 times higher risk to have severe clinical course (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 0.5–8.5, P=0.295).
    ConclusionThe hospitalized influenza patients were mostly the elderly and young children. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the clinical severity of influenza A is worse than that of influenza B.

     

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