庞志峰, 金祝平, 章光明, 陈梦安. 2011-2017年浙江省金华市手足口病流行特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.01.013
引用本文: 庞志峰, 金祝平, 章光明, 陈梦安. 2011-2017年浙江省金华市手足口病流行特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.01.013
Zhifeng Pang, Zhuping Jin, Guangming Zhang, Meng′an Chen. Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2011–2017[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.01.013
Citation: Zhifeng Pang, Zhuping Jin, Guangming Zhang, Meng′an Chen. Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2011–2017[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.01.013

2011-2017年浙江省金华市手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2011–2017

  • 摘要:
    目的 分析2011 — 2017年浙江省金华市手足口病流行特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供依据。
    方法 采用描述流行病学方法,对手足口病疫情资料和病原学检测结果进行分析。
    结果 2011 — 2017年浙江省金华市累计报告手足口病88 157例,其中轻症病例88 123例,重症病例34例,死亡14例,年均发病率232.09/10万。 手足口病流行呈“隔年高发”和“年度双高峰”的特征,4 — 7月和10 — 12月为高发时间。 地区间发病差异较大,城市发病率是农村的1.66 ~ 2.12倍。 病例以≤5岁儿童为主(96.10%),高发年龄段为1 ~ 3岁,97.06%的重症病例和所有死亡病例为≤3岁儿童,男女发病率比例为1.47∶1,职业分布以散居儿童(69.60%)和幼托儿童(28.14%)为主。 采集轻症病例标本3 789份,采样率为4.30%,其中2 126份病毒核酸阳性,阳性率为56.11%,肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型、其他肠道病毒分别占24.60%、18.77%和56.63%。重症和死亡病例EV71的构成比分别为82.35%和92.86%。
    结论 手足口病在浙江省金华市广泛分布,季节性和人群差异明显。 应加强重点人群、高发季节和重点区域的防控,进一步推进≤3岁儿童疫苗接种。 需对现有监测方案进行调整,增加采样数量、采样频次和病原学检测项目。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Jinhua, Zhejiang province, during 2011–2017 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD in Jinhua.
    Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data and the etiological detection results of HFMD.
    Results A total of 88 157 HFMD cases, including 34 severe cases and 14 deaths, were reported in Jinhua during 2011 –2017, with an annual average incidence of 232.09/100 000. The epidemic of HFMD was characterized by high incidence every other year and annual double incidence peaks during April-July and during October-December. The difference in area distribution of HFMD cases was obvious, the incidence rate in urban area was 1.66–2.12 times higher than that in rural area. Most cases were children aged ≤5 years (96.10%), the high incidence age was observed in age group 1–3 years. Up to 97.06% of the severe cases and all the deaths occurred in children aged ≤3 years. More cases occurred in males than in females with a ratio of 1.47∶1. Most cases were children outside (69.60%) or in child care settings (28.14%). Etiological test of 3 789 mild cases samples showed that 2 126 were enterovirus positive (56.11%), of which the cases caused by enterovirus 71(EV71), coxsackie virus A16 (Cox A16) and other enteroviruses accounted for 24.60%, 18.77% and 56.63%, respectively. EV71 caused the majority of severe cases and deaths.
    Conclusion HFMD had a wide distribution in Jinhua with obvious seasonality and population distribution difference. The prevention and control of HFMD in populations at high risk, high incidence seasons and key areas should be strengthened, and the vaccination in children aged ≤3 years should be further promoted. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the surveillance schemes to increase the number of samples, sampling frequency and pathogenic detection items.

     

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