罗波艳, 聂守民, 孙养信, 孙杰, 安翠红, 王文静, 范锁平. 2019-2020年陕西省布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(12): 1265-1269. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202105070252
引用本文: 罗波艳, 聂守民, 孙养信, 孙杰, 安翠红, 王文静, 范锁平. 2019-2020年陕西省布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(12): 1265-1269. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202105070252
Luo Boyan, Nie Shoumin, Sun Yangxin, Sun Jie, An Cuihong, Wang Wenjing, Fan Suoping. Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shaanxi, 2019 – 2020[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(12): 1265-1269. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202105070252
Citation: Luo Boyan, Nie Shoumin, Sun Yangxin, Sun Jie, An Cuihong, Wang Wenjing, Fan Suoping. Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shaanxi, 2019 – 2020[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(12): 1265-1269. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202105070252

2019-2020年陕西省布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shaanxi, 2019 – 2020

  • 摘要:
      目的  了解2019 — 2020年陕西省布鲁氏菌病(布病)疫情流行特征趋势,为制订针对性的布病防控措施提供依据。
      方法  收集整理2019 — 2020年陕西省布病病例报告和暴发疫情资料,运用SPSS 25.0、ArcGIS 10.8软件对布病病例三间分布特征进行描述性分析和χ2检验,并对暴发疫情特征和不同感染途径风险进行分析。
      结果  2019 — 2020年陕西省累计报告病例2 254例,年均发病率为2.92/10万,发病以4 — 9月为主,病例分布在关中和陕北地区,陕北、关中、陕南地区年均发病率比较,差异有统计学有意义(χ2=1 338.771,P<0.001);以男性为主,性别年均发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=440.140,P<0.001);以40~69岁人群为主(71.25%),职业以农民为主。 累计报告暴发疫情27起,共发现血清抗体阳性者218例(其中确诊病例175例,隐性感染者43例),疫情主要是3~5例的小规模暴发(51.85%),发生场所以家庭散养为主(48.15%),感染途径以经皮肤黏膜直接接触为主(44.44%)。 对病例经皮肤黏膜直接接触、呼吸道、消化道途径感染布病的感染率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且经皮肤黏膜直接接触、呼吸道和消化道途径感染布病风险的相对危险度(95% CI)分别为21.257(95% CI: 13.621~33.183)、15.408(95% CI: 8.927~26.600)和15.895(95% CI: 10.117~24.957)。 检测牲畜10 273只,扑杀病畜349只。 累计分离鉴定布鲁氏菌株69株,均为羊种菌,以羊3型为主。
      结论  陕西省应继续坚持和完善联防联控机制,加大病畜检疫力度,提高养殖户布病防控知-信-行模式形成率。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To understand the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of brucellosis in Shaanxi province from 2019 to 2020 and provide evidence for the targeted brucellosis prevention and control.
      Methods  The incidence data of brucellosis cases and outbreaks in Shaanxi from 2019 to 2020 were collected for a descriptive epidemiological analysis to understand the population, area and time distributions of brucellosis cases in Shaanxi by using software SPSS 25.0 and ArcGIS 10.8. At the same time, the characteristics of outbreaks and risk of different infection routes were also analyzed.
      Results  A total of 2 254 brucellosis cases were reported in Shaanxi from 2019 to 2020, with an annual incidence rate of 2.92/100 000. The cases were mainly reported from April to September, which were mainly distributed in Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi, and there was statistically significant difference in the annual incidence rate among Guanzhong, northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi ( χ2=1338.771, P<0.001). Most patients were men, the difference in annual incidence rate between men and women had statistical significance (χ2=440.140, P<0.001), and most cases (71.25%) were aged 40–69 years. Farmers were mostly affected. A total of 27 outbreaks were reported during 2019–2020, involving 218 serum positive cases, including 175 cases and 43 latent infections. The small-scale outbreaks with 3–5 cases accounted for 51.85%. The places where the outbreaks occurred were mainly family farms (48.15%), the infection route of direct contact with skin and mucous membranes accounted for 44.44%. The differences in infection rate through direct contact with skin and mucous membrane, respiratory tract and digestive tract were significant (P<0.001). The relative risk of brucellosis risk through direct contact with skin and mucous membrane, respiratory tract and digestive tract were 21.257 (95% CI: 13.621–33.183), 15.408 (95% CI: 8.927–26.600) and 15.895 (95% CI: 10.117–24.957) respectively. A total of 10 273 livestock were detected, in which 349 were killed in 27 outbreaks. A total of 69 Brucella strains were isolated and identified, which were mainly Br melitensis type 3.
      Conclusion  It is necessary to adhere and improve the joint prevention and control mechanism, strengthen the quarantine of sick animal and improve people′s knowledge, attitude and practice of brucellosis prevention and control to prevent and control brucellosis in Shaanxi.

     

/

返回文章
返回