刘东艳, 王勇, 张闻洋. 2010-2019年内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市高危人群布鲁氏菌病流行及知晓情况调查[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(7): 672-677. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011160387
引用本文: 刘东艳, 王勇, 张闻洋. 2010-2019年内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市高危人群布鲁氏菌病流行及知晓情况调查[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(7): 672-677. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011160387
Liu Dongyan, Wang Yong, Zhang Wenyang. Epidemiology and awareness of brucellosis in populations at high risk in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2010–2019[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(7): 672-677. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011160387
Citation: Liu Dongyan, Wang Yong, Zhang Wenyang. Epidemiology and awareness of brucellosis in populations at high risk in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2010–2019[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(7): 672-677. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202011160387

2010-2019年内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市高危人群布鲁氏菌病流行及知晓情况调查

Epidemiology and awareness of brucellosis in populations at high risk in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2010–2019

  • 摘要:
      目的  分析内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市2010 — 2019年高危人群布鲁氏菌病(布病)监测结果,从而为调整防制策略提供依据。
      方法  以旗县为单位,采取分层抽样的方法监测与牲畜及畜产品有直接接触的高危人群。 采集血液样本,用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)进行初筛,用试管凝集试验进行确诊。 在上述人群中开展布病知识知晓情况调查,问卷内容包括基本知识、危险因素和防治知识情况3个部分。 采用描述性统计,分析高危人群布鲁氏菌感染、发病现状及人群布病知识知晓情况,率、构成比的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
      结果  2010 — 2019年,呼伦贝尔市共检测162 539人,其中阳性8 556例,阳性率为5.26%。 2010 — 2019年,阳性率呈下降趋势,不同年份间差异有统计学意义(χ2=448.824,P<0.05)。 阳性率由高到低的区域依次是牧区(6.19%)、半农半牧区(6.10%)、林区(5.68%)、城市(1.95%),不同区域间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=792.139,P<0.05)。 阳性人群集中在30~59岁的青壮年,职业主要有养殖(82.36%)、其他职业(包括工人、学生、无业、其他)(15.94%)、肉食品加工生产销售运输人员(1.69%)。 2010 — 2019年,呼伦贝尔市主动监测170 327人,其中布病发病1 525例,发病率为0.90%,不同年份间发病率呈现波动下降趋势且差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 089.662,P<0.05)。 2014 — 2019年,连续开展布病相关知识调查,累计调查47 187人,收集有效问卷46 614份,总知晓率为90.48%,总知晓率呈逐年上升趋势,不同年份间差异有统计学意义(χ2=371.421,P<0.05)。 不同区域总知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=123.321,P<0.05),总知晓率从高到低依次为城市(92.95%)、林区(90.48%)、牧区(89.96%)、半农半牧区(88.47%)。
      结论  呼伦贝尔市人间布病防控策略取得了一定成效,但防控形势依然严峻,应坚持开展人间布病监测及宣传教育。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To analyze the surveillance results of brucellosis in high-risk population in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2019 and provide evidence for adjusting the brucellosis prevention and control strategy.
      Methods  The stratified sampling surveillance in populations with direct exposures to livestock and its products was conducted in counties of Hulunbuir. Blood samples were taken from the individuals in these counties for preliminary screening by using rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and for confirmation by using serum agglutination test (SAT). The survey of brucellosis related knowledge awareness was carried out in the above-mentioned populations. The questionnaire included three parts: basic knowledge about brucellosis, risk factors and brucellosis prevention knowledge. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the infection, incidence and knowledge of brucellosis among high-risk populations. The rate and composition ratio were compared with χ2 test, and P<0.05 was considered to indicate significance.
      Results  From 2010 to 2019, a total of 162 539 blood samples were tested in Hulunbuir, in which 8 556 were positive (5.26%). Over time, the positive rate of blood test showed a downward trend. The difference was significant ( χ2=448.824, P<0.05). The positive rate of blood test was 6.19% in pastoral areas, 6.10% in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas, 5.68% in forest areas and 1.95% in cities. The differences among different areas were significant ( χ2=792.139, P<0.05). As for age distribution, the positive persons were mainly young adults between 30 and 59 years old. The infected persons were engaged in breading industry (82.36%), other occupations (including workers, students, unemployed and others) (15.94%), and meat food processing, production, sales and transportation (1.69%). From 2010 to 2019, a total of 170 327 people were surveyed in Hulunbuir, in which 1 525 brucellosis cases were detected. The incidence rate was 0.90%. The incidence showed a fluctuating decreasing trend among different years with statistical significance ( χ2=1 089.662, P<0.05). The awareness rate of brucellosis during 2014–2019 was continuously investigated with a total of 47 187 people being covered and 46 614 valid questionnaires being collected. The total awareness rate was 90.48%, and the total awareness rate showed an upward trend. The differences among years were significant ( χ2=371.421, P<0.05). The awareness rate was 92.95% in cities, 90.48% in forest areas, 89.96% in pastoral areas and 88.47% in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas. The differences were significant ( χ2=123.321, P<0.05).
      Conclusion  The prevention and control strategy for human brucellosis in Hulunbuir has achieved certain progress, but the situation is still serious. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out continuous surveillance for human brucellosis and conduct health education in populations at high risk.

     

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