麻疹

湖南省:2016年4月报告病例72例，无死亡。报告病例数比上月(19例)增加53例，比2015年同期(106例)减少34例。上月及2015年同期均无死亡。2016年至本期累计126例，比2015年同期累计(351例)减少64%；2016年累计及2015年同期累计均无死亡。本月报告发病数居前4位的市依次为娄底、长沙、邵阳和益阳；报告发病数居前3位的县(市)依次为新化县、长沙县和浏阳市；发病以散居儿童为主(57例，占79.17%)；0岁组32例、1岁组21例、2～7岁组7例、8～14岁组1例、15岁以上组11例；男女性别比为1.6∶1。

甘肃省:4月报告发病793例，无死亡病例，发病率为3.06/10 万，发病数较上月上升22.76%，较2015年同期上升2.13 倍。报告发病数前3位的市(州)为陇南市、酒泉市和临夏州，占报告病例总数的68.60%；发病职业以散居儿童、农民为主，分别占44.64%和30.26%。

江西省:4月报告35例，无死亡。报告病例数较上月增加29.63%，较2015年同月增加52.17%。2016 年14 月累计报告病例数73例，较2015年同期累计增加108.57%。报告发病数居前3位的县(区)为渝水区、袁州区和玉山县。职业分布以散居儿童(20 例)、农民(7 例)、幼托儿童(4 例)居多，占报告病例总数的88.57%。男女性别比为3∶2，年龄主要集中在0 岁组(13 例)，1～6 岁(11例)，20～40 岁(10 例)。

手足口病

浙江省：4月全省报告手足口病14 306 例，报告5 例重症病例，无死亡病例报告，报告病例数较上月上升164.00%(14 306/5419)，较2015年同期上升76.68%(14 306/8097)。本月全省11市均有病例报告，其中报告病例数居前5位的市为温州市、宁波市、金华市、绍兴市和台州市，占全省报告病例总数的75.73%；职业分布以散居儿童(8384 例，占58.60%)居多，其次为幼托儿童(5562 例)和学生(332 例)等；发病年龄集中在5 岁及以下年龄组。2016年截至4月30日，全省累计报告手足口病29 967 例，报告5例重症病例，无死亡病例报告。实验室诊断1140例其中166 例为肠道病毒71型(EV71)，454 例为柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)，520 例为其他肠道病毒。

广西壮族自治区:4月报告53 712 例，死亡5例。与上月比上升308.39%，与2015年同月比上升349.36%；与 20122014年同期平均水平相比上升47.37%。报告死亡数比上月增加3例，比2015年同月增加5例。报告病例数居前5 位的县(市、区)为宾阳县、南宁市西乡塘区、柳江县、马山县和宜州市。发病以5岁及以下儿童为主(51 886例，占96.60%)，其中0～3岁报告44 928例，占83.65%；4～5 岁报告6958例，占12.95%。职业以散居儿童(38 235例)为主，占71.19%，其次为幼托儿童(14 447 例)占26.90%。

湖南省:4月报告病例22 950例，重症121例，死亡4例。报告病例数比上月(5931例)增加287%，死亡数增加3例；比2015年同期(12 133例)增加89%，死亡数增加1例。2016年至本期累计39 267例，比2015年同期累计(22 316例)增加76%；2016年累计死亡4例，2015年同期累计死亡5例。本月报告发病数居前5位的市州依次为娄底、长沙、岳阳、益阳和郴州。散居儿童(18 144例)和幼托儿童(4320例)分别占报告病例总数的79%和19%；5岁及以下年龄组(22 168例)占病例总数的97%，其中3岁及以下年龄组 (18 706例)占病例总数的82%；男女性别比为1.5∶1。

猩红热

河北省:4月报告254例，无死亡，报告发病率为0.344/10万。发病数与上月和2015年同期相比分别上升55.83%和3.67%。报告发病率居前5位地区依次为承德、廊坊、保定、石家庄和秦皇岛。职业分布以幼托儿童(39.37%)和学生(35.04%)为主；年龄集中在3～7岁组(72.44%)；男女性别比为1.79∶1。

流行性感冒

云南省: 4 月，流行性感冒报告322例，发病率为0.68/10万，较2015年同期(150例)上升114.67%，本期及2015年同期均无死亡病例。流行性感冒发病数居前5位的州(市)为昆明市(103 例)、德宏州(78 例)、大理州(30 例)、曲靖市(25 例)和红河州(15 例)。男性184 例，女性138 例，主要集中在0～5 岁人群。职业以散居儿童较多，占33.23%。

其他感染性腹泻

河北省:4月报告3104例，无死亡，报告发病率为4.204/10万。发病数与上月和2015年同期相比分别下降2.94%和14.96%。报告发病率居前5位的地区依次为石家庄、邯郸、承德、唐山和保定。职业分布以农民(47.78%)和散居儿童(36.24%)为主；发病年龄以0～2岁组和25～69岁组为主(31.77%和47.39%)；男女性别比为1.44∶1。

广西壮族自治区:4月报告5243 例，死亡1例。报告发病数与上月相比下降40.76%，与2015年同月比上升54.25%。报告病例数居前5 位的县(市、区)为平南县、柳城县、贺州市八步区、来宾市兴宾区和柳州市柳北区。发病年龄以0～3 岁(2916 例)为主，占55.62%；职业以散居儿童(2947 例)为主，占56.21%。

Measles

Hunan province: In April 2016, a total of 72 cases were reported without death. The reported case number increased by 53 and decreased by 34 respectively compared with last month (19 cases) and the same period in 2015 (106 cases). No deaths were reported in last month and during the same period in 2015. By the end of April, 126 cases without death had been reported cumulatively in 2016, a decline of 64% compared with the same period in 2015, and no deaths had been reported during the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Loudi, Changsha, Shaoyang and Yiyang ranked 1^st-4^th at municipal (prefecture) level, and Xinhua, Changsha and Liuyang ranked 1^st-3^rd at county (district) level. The cases were mainly distributed in children outside child care settings (57 cases, 79.17%). For the age distribution of the cases, 32 cases, 21 cases, 7 cases, 1 case and 11 cases were reported in age groups 0 year, 1 year, 2-7 years, 8-14 years and ≥15 years, respectively. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.6∶1.

Gansu province: In April 2016, a total of 793 cases were reported without death. The incidence was 3.06/lakh. The reported cases increased by 22.76% and 2.13 times respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Longnan, Jiuquan and Linxia ranked 1^st-3^rd at municipal (prefecture) level. The cases reported in these areas accounted for 68.60% of the total. The cases were mainly distributed in children outside child care settings and farmers, accounting for 44.64% and 30.26% of the total, respectively.

Jiangxi province: In April 2016, a total of 35 cases were reported without death. The reported cases increased by 29.63% and 52.17% respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. By the end of April, 73 cases had been reported cumulatively in 2016, an increase of 108.57% over the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Yushui, Yuanzhou and Yushan ranked 1^st-3^rd at county (district) level. The cases were mainly distributed in children outside child care settings (20 cases), farmers (7 cases) and children in child care settings (4 cases), accounting for 88.57% of the total, and in age groups 0 year (13 cases), 1-6 years (11 cases) and 20-40 years (10 cases). The male to female ratio of the cases was 3∶2.

Hand foot and mouth disease

Zhejiang province: In April 2016, a total of 14 306 cases, including 5 severe cases, were reported without death. The reported cases increased by 164.00% and 76.68% respectively compared with last month (5419 cases ) and the same period in 2015 (8097 cases). The cases were reported in all 11 prefectures (municipality). In reporting high case number, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Jinhua, Shaoxing and Taizhou ranked 1^st-5^th at municipal (prefecture) level, the cases reported in these areas accounted for 75.73% of the total. The cases were mainly distributed in children outside child care settings (8384 cases, 58.60%), followed by children in child care settings (5562 cases) and students (332 cases). The cases were mainly reported in age group ≤5 years. By the end of April, 29 967 cases, including 5 severe cases, and no deaths had been reported cumulatively in 2016. Among 1140 laboratory confirmed cases, 166 were EV71 infections, 454 were Cox A16 infections and 520 were other enterovirus infections.

Guangxi zhuang autonomous region: In April 2016, a total of 53 712 cases, including 5 deaths, were reported. The reported cases increased by 308.39%, 349.36% and 47.37% respectively compared with last month, the same period in 2015 and the same periods during 2012-2014. The reported death number increased by 3 and 5 respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Binyang, Xixiangtang of Nanning, Liujiang, Mashan and Yizhou ranked 1^st-5^th at county (district) level. The cases were mainly distributed in age group ≤5 years (51 886 cases, 96.60%), in which 44 928 cases were in age group 0-3 years (83.6%) and 6958 cases were in age group 4-5 years (12.95%). The cases in children outside child care settings (38 235 cases) and children in child care settings (14 447 cases) accounted for 71.19% and 26.90% of the total, respectively.

Hunan province: In April 2016, a total of 22 950 cases, including 121 severe cases and 4 deaths, were reported. The reported cases increased by 287%, and 89% respectively compared with last month (5931 cases) and the same period in 2015 (12 133 cases) and the death numbers increased by 3 and 1 respectively. By the end of April, 39 267 cases had been reported cumulatively, an increase of 76% over the same period in 2015 (22 316 cases), and 4 deaths had been reported cumulatively in 2016, a decline of 1 death compared with that in 2015. In reporting high case number, Loudi, Changsha, Yueyang, Yiyang and Chenzhou ranked 1^st-5^th at municipal (prefecture) level, The cases in children outside child care settings (18 144 cases) and in children in child care settings (4320 cases) accounted for 79% and 19% of the total, respectively. The cases in age group ≤5 years (22 168 cases) accounted for 97% of the total, in which 18 706 cases were in age group ≤3 years (82%). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.5∶1.

Scarlet fever

Hebei province: In April 2016, a total of 254 cases were reported without death. The reported incidence was 0.344/lakh. The reported cases increased by 55.83% and 3.67% respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. In reporting high incidence, Chengde, Langfang, Baoding, Shijiazhuang and Qinhuangdao ranked 1^st-5^th at municipal (prefecture) level. The cases were mainly distributed in children in child care settings (39.37%) and students (35.04%) and in age group 3-7 years (72.44%). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.79∶1.

Influenza

Yunnan province: In April 2016, a total of 322 cases were reported with the incidence of 0.68/lakh. The reported cases increased by 114.67% compared with the same period in 2015. No deaths were reported in April and the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Kunming (103 cases), Dehong (78 cases), Dali (30 cases), Qujing (25 cases) and Honghe (15 cases) ranked 1^st-5^th at municipal (prefecture) level. The cases were mainly distributed in age group 0-5 years and in children outside child care settings (33.23%). There were 184 cases in boys and 138 cases in girls.

Other infectious diarrheal diseases

Hebei province: In April 2016, a total of 3014 cases were reported without death. The reported incidence was 4.204/lakh. The reported cases decreased by 2.94% and 14.96% respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. In reporting high incidence, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Chengde, Tangshan and Baoding ranked 1^st -5^th at municipal (prefecture) level. The cases were mainly distributed in farmers (47.78%) and children outside child care settings (36.24%) and in age groups 0-2 years (31.77%) and 25-69 years (47.39%). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.44∶1.

Guangxi zhuang autonomous region: In April 2016, a total of 5243 cases, including 1 death, were reported. The reported cases decreased by 40.76% and increased by 54.25% respectively compared with last month and the same period in 2015. In reporting high case number, Pingnan, Liucheng, Babu of Hezhou, Xingbin of Laibin and Liubei of Liuzhou ranked 1^st-5^th at county (district) level. The cases were mainly distributed in age group 0-3 years (2916 cases, 55.62%) and in children outside child care settings (2947 cases, 56.21%).