Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the impact of extreme climate event on the incidence of communicable disease in Chongqing. MethodsThe data about incidence of communicable disease/ public health emergency before and after natural disaster were analyzed. ResultsThe incidence of class A and B communicable diseases in 2006 when drought occurred increased by 3.86% compared with that in 2005, and the incidence in 2007 when flood occurred increased by 2.74% compared with that in 2005. The incidence of enteric infection and natural focal/arthropod-borne infectious diseases in 2006 increased by 14.91% and 49.23% respectively compared with those in 2005. The incidence of respiratory infectious disease in 2007 increased by 1.28% compared with that in 2005 and by 8.07% compared with that in 2006. The incidence of encephalitis B in drought season in 2006 was higher than that in same period in 2005.The incidences of measles, typhoid/paratyphoid fever, leptospirosis and epidemic meningitis in flood season in 2007 were higher than those in same period in 2006. More public health emergencies of class A and B communicable diseases occurred during disaster periods compared with 2005. ConclusionsExtreme climate events in Chongqing had some impact on the incidence of communicable disease, which increased the incidence of some communicable diseases at different degree.