Abstract: During Sept．1994 to Dec.1995，we conducted a longitudinal study in Jinzbong Prefecture of Shanxi Province which included 8405 years children with diarrhoea．Tile results showed that：1)The mean attack rate of diarrhoea was 8.02 percent in every person-month；2)The multiple analysis indicated that the main risk faetors of children'S diarrhoea in spring and winter were unheahh habits(such as sucking fingers，eatting raw foods，no washing hands be-fore meal or after using toilet)，baby-sitter'S unhealth habits，raising animal in family，using open water．more people in a family，artificial feeding，mother'S lower intellecture and lower living standard 1evel etc．So,the main preventive measurements of children's diarrhoea are im-proving the people's health habits．advocating feeding mother's breast and improving mother'S intelleetural and living level．