朱凤才, 祖荣强, 倪大新, 宋俐, 刘光中. 江苏省近3年人间狂犬病疫情回升的成因及对策评价[J]. 疾病监测, 2001, 16(11): 405-408. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2001.11.405
引用本文: 朱凤才, 祖荣强, 倪大新, 宋俐, 刘光中. 江苏省近3年人间狂犬病疫情回升的成因及对策评价[J]. 疾病监测, 2001, 16(11): 405-408. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2001.11.405
ZHU Fengcai. et al., . Study on the cause and strategy for the rising of human rabies in recent three years in Jiangsu province.[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2001, 16(11): 405-408. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2001.11.405
Citation: ZHU Fengcai. et al., . Study on the cause and strategy for the rising of human rabies in recent three years in Jiangsu province.[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2001, 16(11): 405-408. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2001.11.405

江苏省近3年人间狂犬病疫情回升的成因及对策评价

Study on the cause and strategy for the rising of human rabies in recent three years in Jiangsu province.

  • 摘要: 为了分析江苏省近 3年人间狂犬病疫情回升的原因 ,对部分发病较多的地区的防制效果进行评价 ,为制定科学防制措施提供依据。通过对近三年发生的狂犬病例进行流行病学分析 ;对发病较多的地区犬密度及犬免疫状态进行调查 ;选择 3个近年发病较多的地区 ,采用不同的防制措施进行对照评价。结果表明 ,近年我省疫情有反弹趋势 ,狂犬病发病地区趋于集中 ,主要发病地区由苏北转向苏中的南通、盐城、泰州三市。犬是主要的动物宿主 (91.9% ) ,主要感染方式为咬伤 (95.2 % ) ,受伤部位主要为近中枢部位 ,以上肢为主 (54.8% )。多数病人 (70.5 % )潜伏期大于 30天 ,此人群疫苗接种率仅为 25.6 %。犬免疫率小于 5 % ;犬伤后伤口处理率为54.8% ,且不够规范 ;在发病较多地区进行灭犬 ,推广精制狂犬疫苗 ,规范伤口处理具有较好的防制效果。结果证明 ,各地犬免疫率不高 ,伤口处理率及规范化率较低 ,犬伤者狂苗接种率不高 ,这是造成近年我省狂犬病疫情回升的主要原因 ;针对我省狂犬病疫情回升的主要原因 ,采取针对性的防制措施 ,可控制我省狂犬病疫情.

     

    Abstract: In order to analyze the cause of the rising of human rabies, to evaluate the preventive effect in three counties with more cases, and to set the basis for more scientific and effective intervention, cases of human rabies density and immunization situation of dogs were investigated and various control measures were evaluated in three counties. The results showed that there was a trend of rebound of rabies and epidemic area were focused in fewer counties. The major area was transferred from north to central part of Jiangsu province I.e.,Nantong,Yancheng,Taizhou. Dogs were the main hosts (91.9%).The route of infection was mostly by biting (95.2%) and the site of the injury was mostly in the upper limbs.Incubation period of most patients wea longer than 30 days. Immunization rate was only 25.6% in the patients and less than 5% in dogs. Rate of treatment after exposure was 54.5% and most of were not stan-darized.Killing dogs,using purified rabies vaccine and standardizing the treatment for bites were good preventive mea-sures in serious epidemic areas.The data showed that low immunization rate in dogs,low treatment rate and low immu-nization rate in wounded persons were the major causes of the rising of rabies.This situation will be under control only if the relevant measures was to be taken.

     

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