Abstract: Objective to explore related factors involved in the considerable increase of syphilis based on an epidemiological analysis of new cases in the recent five years, and to provide reference for further prevention and control of syphilis in Tianjin. Method An Epidemiological analysis was taken by collecting the new reported cases of syphilis and the surveillance data of syphilis in prostitute in Tianjin from 1995 to 1999. Result It was indicated that the new reported syphilis had been greatly increasing year by year. It was the fist position arranged in number eight of STDs.More second - stage casese were reported. Patients aged 20- 39 years counted for large percentage of the newly identi-fied cased,and the occupation ditrbution was wide especialy in workers,self- employed persons and office workers.most patients were the married persons,most popular route of transmission was through unmarried sexual contact,male was more infected than female. Conclusion According to the epidemiological feature of syphilis in Tianjin from 1995 to 1999,some prevention and control measures need to take in order to decrease the transmission of syphilis. Because syphilis was closely related with AIDS,the control of syphilis was very important to the control of AIDS epidemic.