广州市1996-2000年肾综合征出血热监测研究
Surveillance on Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Guangzhou 1996-2000
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摘要: 本文报告 1996 - 2000年广州市肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)监测 ,共发病 127例 ,死亡4例 ,1996 - 2000年发病率分别为 0.57/10万、0.50 / 10万、0.29/ 10万、0.22 / 10万、0.34/ 10万 ,病死率 3.1% ;另外 ,外来人员在广州感染 105例 ,死亡 6例 ,病死率 5.7% ;病例以中心城区和边缘城区多见 ,呈散发性 ,冬春季节为发病高峰 ,发病以青壮年居多 ,临床轻、中型多见 ,1997年实验大白鼠型再次发生 1例 ;正常人群血清学监测未检出出血热病毒抗体。鼠间监测两个监测点及 1998年黄埔区长洲岛、荔湾区南站、清平市场居民区 ,1998-2000年白云山和黄埔区野外进行监测 ,海珠区监测点 3年平均鼠密度 1.5% ,褐家鼠密度 1.5% ,带病毒率 5.2% ,带病毒鼠指数2.8;天河区 5年鼠密度 1.0 % ,褐家鼠密度0.9% ,带病毒率 3.0% ,带病毒鼠指数1.6 ;白云山密度 14.9% ,褐家鼠密度12.5 % ,带病毒率 9.8% ,带病毒鼠指数 11.1;黄埔区鼠密度12.6%，褐家鼠密度9.9%，带病毒率4.0%，带病毒鼠皀数6.3，其中长洲岛鼠密度6.8%，褐家鼠密度5.2%，带病毒率7.1%，带病毒鼠指数6.1；荔湾区南站、清平市场鼠密度2.3%，褐家鼠密度1.8%，带病毒率0.0%，带病毒鼠指数0.5年对实验大白鼠监测，检查9个单位，检出一个单位大白鼠感染率48.9%，其余大、小白鼠全部阴性。广州市5年业监测传染源仍以褐家鼠为主，无黑线姬鼠，未发现新疫源地和新一带病毒鼠种。Abstract: This article reports the results of HFRS surveillance in Guangzhou in 1996 to 2000. In the local residents of Guangzhou, a total of 127 cases and 4 deaths were reported. The incidence rate in 1996 was 0.57/106, in 1997 0.50/106, in 1998 0.29/106,in 1999 0.22/106 and in 2000 0.34/10 6 respectivily. The mortality rate was 3.1%. In the transient population of Guangzhou, 105 cases and 6 deaths were reported. The mortality rate was 5.7%. Cases were sporadically distributed and mainly occurred in the central and marginal parts of Guangzhou. The peak sea-son was in winter and spring. Most of the patients were adolescents and adults. Mild to moderate clinical symptoms were common. A case of HFRS caused by the alboratory tat was reported in 1997. Anitibody of HFRS had not been de-tected in the healthy population. There were two routine surveillance spots for rat surveillance. In addition,surveil-lance was also carried out in the Chang - zhou Island of Huangpu District,the South Ststion of Liwan District and the residential area near Qing - ping Market in 1998 and in the Bai - yun Mountain and the wild area of Huangpu District in 1998 to 2000. In Haizhu District,the annual average rat density was 1.5%.The density of Rattus norvegicus was 1.5%. The virus - carrying rate was 5.2% and the virus - carrying rat index was 2.8 In Tianhe District,the annual average rat density was 1.0%. The density of Rattus norvegicus was 0.9%. The virus carrying rat was 3.0% and the virus - carrying rat index was 1.6. In the Bai - yun Mountain, the annual average rat density was 14.9%. The virus - carrying rate was 4.0% and the virus - carrying rat index was 6.3. In the Chang - zhou Island of Huangpu rate was 7.1% and the virus - carrying rat index was 6.1. In the South Station of Liwan District and the Qing - ping Market,the annual average rat density was 2.3%. The desity of Rattus norvegicus was 1.8%. The virus - carrying rate was 0.0% and the virus - carrying rat index was 0. Surveillance on the laboratory rats was conducted in 9 working units. Only one unit yielded positive result. The infection rate of the laboratory rats in this unit was 48.9%. The ne-sults indicated that the main source of infection in Guangzhou in the recent five years was still Rattus norvegicus. Apodemus agrarius,new nidus of infection and new virus - carrying species has not been found yet.
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