Abstract: Objective To study the surveillance result of Poliomyelitis pathology in Heibei province 1991 -2001 and provide scientific basis for realizing the goal of evanishing Poliomyelitis. Methods The epidemiological investigation to the AFP cases reported by the Hebei province AFP surveillance system was conducted according to WHO' s normal method and all the Poliovirus strains were sent to the national lab and detected by the PCR - RFLP. Results Each surveillance target reached the WHO's requirement gradually and all the poliovirus isolated since 1992 were identified as vaccine poliovirus strains by the national lab of poliovirus. The season of Autumn-Summer was the peak period of non-poliovirus prevalence. Conclusions At the later stage of evanishing Poliomyelitis,the pathological sur-veillance of Poliomyelitis in the laboratory became more important. Therefore, we should strengthen the management scientifically and improve the surveillance quality in a lab. It is still an emphasis work for a laboratory to do it well.