浙江省2001年钩端螺旋体病监测分析
Surveillance of Leptospirosis in Zhejiang Province in 2001
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摘要: 为了探讨钩体病流行规律 ,分析存在问题。用MAT法检测病人、水鸭和蛙血清抗体 ;同时分离培养病原体。用夹夜法捕鼠 ,采集鼠肾、猪肾、牛中段尿、蛙肾和水鸭肾分离培养病原体。结果表明 ,2 0 0 1年全省共发生钩体病 71例 ,死亡 1人 ,发病率为 0.15 7/10万 ,发病率比去年减少 8.46 %。病例主要分布在衢州、丽水和台州市 (地 )的江山、常山、三门、松阳、青田、莲都和龙游等县市。衢州、丽水、台州市的发病数占全省发病总数的92.96 %。病例主要分布在 7- 10月 ,占 92.96 % ,但是季节分布有分散趋势。职业以农民为主 ,占 95.77% (68 /71)。年龄以 15 - 50岁为主 ,占74.6 6% (53/71)。男女之比为 2.5∶1(5 1/20 )。共检测病人血清44份 ,阳性 13份 ,阳性率为 29.54 % ,菌群主要为黄疸出血群。全省鼠密度为 2.97%。鼠种构成以黑线姬鼠为优势种 ,占 52.14 %。解剖培养鼠肾 4 91对 ,阳性 12对 ,鼠带菌率为 2.44 %。菌株分别为秋季热群和流感伤寒群。解剖蛙肾553对，阳性13对，阳性率为2.35%；测牛中段尿61份；检测猪肾84对，全部阴性。测定水鸭血清20份，阴性5份，阳性率为25%，菌株要主为秋季群；蛙血29份，阳性1份，阳性率为3.45%，菌株为秋季群。以此证明，钩体病防制工作仍然不能放松，尤其在洪涝灾害后，必须加强钩体病监测。Abstract: Objective: The aim of this article was to analysis the prevalence of leptospirosis in Zhejiang province in 2001. Method: Using MAT to test the serum antibody in patients, ducks and frogs. Culturing and isolating the leptospira specimens with the serum of them. Results: In 2001, 71 cases were detected in the whole province. The average incidence in 0.157 per 100 000 , and one of them was died. Most of them were in Quzhou?Lishui and Taizhou city. The positive rate of the serum antibody in patients, frogs and ducks was 29.54%,3.45% and 25%,respectively. The culture positive rate of patients blood mous's kidney frog's kidney was 0%,2.44% and 2.35%,respectively. Conclusion:It can not be relaxed to prevent and control the prevalence of Leptospirosis.We showld be on guard against the outbreak after flood and enhance the surveillance of it.
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