Abstract: Objective This study was conducted to know the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the factors affecting the disease Methods Data from the Nelwork Direct Report System of infectious Disease Epidemics of Heilongjiang Province were statistically analyzed Re-sults it was found that people aged 15～60 years were mostly affected，accounlting for 93.81％ of the total annual cases of HFRS with the ratlo 0f males to females being 3.26:1 Peasants，workers，home making and housekeeping laborers，and students were predominant populations involved Conclusion HFRS has an obvious seasonal Effective interventions to control the disease involve cultivation of good sanitation habits，popularization of HFRS vaccine inoculation and well-organized deratization