Abstract: Objective The present analysis was performed to understand the biological and be-havioral characteristics of AIDS based on the data from the first year'S comprehensive surveillance in order to provide a basis for early warning of AIDS，AIDS interventions and evaluation of their effects．Methods Anonymous questionnaire with blood tests was done in 362 women in enter-tainment establishments and correctional institution for women (unlicensed prostitutes who were in custody for less than l month)．Results The subjects studied，who were engaged in prostitution for l month to 3 years．Had a mean age of 20.5 years．It Was shown that unlicensed prosti-tutes'sexual activities were mostly for money．The rate of latest use of condom was 76.0％ with 9.0％ of all the studied having never used condom．The condom use rate in unlieensed prostitutes was lower when engaged in coitus with fixed sexual partner(spouse or boy friend) than in sexual deal．Accounting for 54.7％．The rate of knowledge of unlicensed prostitutes about the 3 transmis-sion routes of AIDS was over 84％．But there were 60．4％of the studied did not have a sense of the graveness of AIDS，thinking that they were not likely to be infected by AIDS．It was found that 11 unficensed prostitutes were infected by AIDS，accounting for 3.0％,40 cases by syphilis，for 11.0％ and 5 cases by AIDS and syphilis。For 1.4％．In this study，only 13.3 of the unli-censed prostitutes went for HIV tests voluntarily．Conclusion Most unlicensed prostitutes knOW little about AIDS and don't use condom in 100％ of their sexual intercourses，there being a high risk of inaction and transmission of AIDS．It is indicated that stress is to put on the prevention and treatment of AIDS among high-risk population．And comprehensive surveillance and preven-tion and control of the ep