Abstract: Objective The present study was to analyze the surveillance results of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HERS) to keep abreast of its prevalent characteristics to provide information for the formulation of preventive and therapeutic strategies．Methods Direct immunofluorescent antibody test (FAT) was used to detect HV antigen in mouse lung，and Indirect Immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELIS-IgM) were used for the detection of serum HV antibody in the well and the sick．Results 3720 cases of HFRS，including 34 deaths，were found in 2004 in Shandong province，the morbidity and mortality being 4.1l/lakh and O.04/lakh respectively．The number of cases and deaths increased by 3.25％ and 112.50％ respectively，when compared with the same peried in 2003．There were 138 counties in 17 prefectures all over the province having HFRS cases．The predominant mice indoors were rattus norvegicus and mns musculus，and the predominant mice outdoors were rattus norvegieus．Apodemus agrarius and cricetulus triton．The virus-bearing rate of different mice was 6.59％ in rattus norvegicus．2.46％in mus museulus and 4.08％in apodemus agrarius．Conclusion Surveillance of the epidemic should be reinforced，and especially in counties of high incidence，measures with preventive inoculation as the main should be implemented to control the epidemic．