Abstract: Objective This study was conducted to understand the capacity of local vector transmission and analyze the transmission potential of malarial disease．Methods An investigation method for capacity of local vector transmission was used for quantitative calculation of anopheles hurcanus sinensis biting rate，human blood index，man-biting habit and expected life of infectivity，etc．And then the vector capacity and basic reproduction rate of anopheles hurcanus sinensis was obtained according to the formula of Garrett-Jones (1964)．Resuits From May to October in 2004，at Yi'an Village of Houzhai Street in Yiwu City，the vector capacities of anopheles hurcanus sinensis were O.819，0.882，5.382，1.506，0.149，and 0.004 respectively，while basic reproduction rates 8.19，8.82，53.82，15.06，1.49 and 0.04 accordingly．Conclusion Both vectorial capacity and basic reproduction rate of local anopheles hurcanus sinensis were relative high，and the basic reproduction rates obtained from May to September were all higher than the critical 1evel，which indicated a relative strong malarial disease transmission capacity and potential of prevalence or ontbreak of malarial disease in local area．