Abstract: Objective This study was designed to evaluate the pathogenic characteristics of cases of acute flaccid paralysis in Tongwei County from 1995 to 2004，as well as the operation of monitoring system，SO as to promote the level of monitoring work and meet requirements of monitoring under new situations．Methods An epidemiological method was used for collection，analysis and evaluation of monitoring data．Results Total 26 cases of AFP were monitored from 1995 to 2004, and the annual incidence rates were 0.9/lakh at minimum and 7.2/lakh at maximum．And the average incidence rate was 2.4/lakh．Male cases were largely young children．And there were 78.7％of the male aged below 4 years，while only 34.8％ of the female aged below 4 years，and there were 69.2％of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) among the cases of AFP，which showed a difference of very remarkable significance (P<0.001)．Survey of cases，feces sampling and test，follow-up of 60 days after cure of disease，etc．Met relevant requirements of national regulations，and there were above 5 times of immunity history (average times of taking vaccine) for cases and around people．The rate of timely report for cases was only 61.O％．and cases reported from health units below levels of village and town occupied only 15.4％．Conclusion For AFP cases，there exist high incidence rate in some year，and AFP cases were mostly of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)．For the whole county，achievement for AFP monitoring in recent 10 years and for keeping no case of poliomyelitis was significant，while the report work of health units below levels of village and town was still tO be strengthened．The most important task for improvement of monitoring work level is to stimulate the enthusiasm and initiative of clinical doctors at levels of village and town for reporting AFP cases．