叶水福, 金忠平, 项春燕, 蓝文斌. 浙江遂昌县一起风疹疫情的流行病学分析及控制策略初探[J]. 疾病监测, 2007, 22(4): 248-250. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2007.4.248
引用本文: 叶水福, 金忠平, 项春燕, 蓝文斌. 浙江遂昌县一起风疹疫情的流行病学分析及控制策略初探[J]. 疾病监测, 2007, 22(4): 248-250. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2007.4.248
YE Shui-fu, JIN Zhong-ping, XIANG Chun-yan, LAN Wen-bin. Epidemiological analysis and control strategic study on an outbreak of rubella epidemic in Suichang County of Zhejiang Province[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2007, 22(4): 248-250. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2007.4.248
Citation: YE Shui-fu, JIN Zhong-ping, XIANG Chun-yan, LAN Wen-bin. Epidemiological analysis and control strategic study on an outbreak of rubella epidemic in Suichang County of Zhejiang Province[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2007, 22(4): 248-250. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2007.4.248

浙江遂昌县一起风疹疫情的流行病学分析及控制策略初探

Epidemiological analysis and control strategic study on an outbreak of rubella epidemic in Suichang County of Zhejiang Province

  • 摘要: 目的 分析浙江遂昌县2005年2~6月爆发的一起风疹疫情的流行规律、流行特征及其不同控制措施的效果,为制定防治策略提供依据.方法 实验室以酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测病例血清的风疹IgM抗体,以逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测风疹病毒核酸,对病例进行流行病学个案调查,并选择采取不同防治措施的两所中学,对比分析其防治效果.结果 本次流行疫情累计发病996例,发病率为440.34/10万,历时4个月,高峰集中于3月中旬至4月中旬,男女性别比为1.11:1,主要集中于中小学,中学生占71.89%,小学生占21.18%,年龄分布10~岁占36.55%,15~岁组占55.62%.结论 在低年龄组儿童中开展风疹疫苗接种后,婴幼儿及小学生发病率明显降低,中学生及成人成为风疹爆发的重点人群,建议将免疫对象范围扩大到中学生和成人,流行期可应急接种.采取应急接种的控制效果要好于采取一般性综合防治措施.

     

    Abstract: Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the effect of different control measures on an outbreak of rubella epidemic in Suichang, Zhejiang during February to June in 2005 for the prevention and control strategy. Methods ELISA was used to detect the serum rubella IgM antibodies of the cases. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the rubella virus nucleic acid. Epidemiological investigation was carried out for the cases, and two secondary schools that adopted different prevention measures were chosen into the comparative analysis to study the preventive effect. Results The cumulative incidence reached 996 cases during the whole epidemic, the incidence rate 440.34/lakh, four months after onset. The peak lasted from mid-March to mid-April. The male to female ratio was 1.11:1. The epidemic mainly occurred in primary and secondary schools, middle school students accounting for 71.89% and primary school students for 21.18%. People at the age of 10 and older accounted for 36.55%, the 15~ age group accounting for 55.62%. Conclusion Due to the dissemination of rubella vaccine among children at younger age, significantly lower incidence was observed among infant and primary school students, while middle school students and adults became the mainly affected crowd in the rubella outbreak. It is proposed to expand the scope of immunity to middle school students and adults. Emergency vaccination is useful when epidemic, for emergency vaccination is better in the control than the general comprehensive measures for the control and prevention of the epidemic.

     

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