Abstract: Objective The present investigation was conducted to gain insight into the health knowledge and health education among peasant-workers in Jining City. Methods 284 peasant-workers were sampled at random to evaluate their knowledge about the control and prevention of infectious diseases. Results In this investigation, male subjects accounted for 71.48% (203/284), with females constituting 28.52% (84/284). 95.40% of the subjects took it as their obligation to report epidemic situation to the local health and anti-epidemic agencies. 68.90% of them had the basic knowledge concerning HIV control and prevention. Those subjects who knew all the three HIV transmission routes (blood transmission, sexual contact and monther-to-infant) numbered 86(30.28%). Those who had a basic understanding of tuberculosis, avian-human influenza, hepatitis, cholera, epidemic hemorrhagic fever accounted for 64.20%, 79.20%, 67.70%, 49.30% and 56.30% respectively. TV programs and newspapers were the main accesses to the knowledge about the control and prevention of infectious diseases. Conclusion It is urgent to conduct universal health education on the control and prevention of infectious diseases among peasant-workers .