Abstract: Objective The present study was conducted to find out the epidemiological characteris- tics of measles and evaluate the measures for its control and prevention in Hefei from 2001 to 2006. Methods Descriptive epidemiology of measles cases collected through notifiable infectious disease re- port and surveillance system in Hefei from 2001 to 2006 was analyzed using SPSS and Excel.Results 1530 measles cases were reported with the mean yearly incidence rate of 5.66/lakh from 2001 to 2006 in Hefei City.The proportion of measles cases aged under 15 from 2001 to 2004 increased from 55% (2001)to 80%(2004)and decreased in 2005 and 2006 with the proportion of 64% and 52%,respective- ly.The proportion of measles cases aged under 8 months were on the rise in the 6 years as 4%,6 %, 11%,5%,13% and 21%,respectively.The measles incidence rate was higher in urban areas than in ru- ral areas.40% of all cases presented in 2005 were floating population and most of them gathered in the junction of urban and rural areas and colleges.Conclusion Routine vaccination should be rein- forced and boost vaccination should be carried out in proper time to prevent and control measles,vac- cination coverage should be improved and further studies on present vaccination strategy should be done based on the new status of measles prevalence.