Abstract: Objective The present investigation was conducted to gain an insight into the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases in Chengjiang County for providing a scientific basis for the formulation of strategies and measures for the prevention of communicable diseases.Methods Statistical analysis was done of the data on Class A and B infectious diseases in the county from 1996 to 2005.Results No class A communicable diseases were reported in Chengjiang County for the 10 years,and 4761 cases in 12 kinds of Class B infectious diseases were reported,the average annual incidence rate being 319.63/lakh.The top five diseases were typhoid and paratyphoid B,dysentery, viral hepatitis,pulmonary tuberculosis,and gonorrhea in turn.Conclusion The situation of infectious diseases is serious in Chengjiang County.The major infections diseases are food-borne diseases and, blood and sexually transmitted diseases.Emphasis should be placed on the prevention and control of the diseases with appropriate measures.