Abstract: Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemic dynamics of notifiable infectious diseases after the establishment of report system for the diseases for investigating the situation of control and prevention of the infectious diseases in Jiangsu province. Methods The methods of descriptive epidemiology were used to describe and analyze the data on infectious disease reported during the past 56 years. Results The total reported incidence and mortality decreased significantly. The average incidence and mortality from 2000 to 2005 dropped by 82.58% and 95.74% respectively compared with that in 1950s. There was a tendency of increase in the mortality before 1970s and a tendency of decline after 1970s. The total reported mortality took a decreasing trend beginning from 1960s. There was an obvious change in the spectrum of infectious diseases. Conclusion The remarkable achievements were gained in the control and prevention of infectious diseases from 1950 to 2005 in Jiangsu Province. But there's still a big challenge in the control and prevention of infectious diseases because of the double threats of both old and new infectious diseases.