Abstract: Since 1990's,pathogen surveillance of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in humans and animals has developed gradually in most of the provinces,cities and autonomous regions of China.It was found that enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli manifested diverse distribution in humans in different regions and different periods of time.The distribution of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in different animals in different regions and periods of time also varied.It is indicated that human infection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 are correlated with animal bacteria-carrying rates.It is of great importance for the control and prevention of O157:H7 infection in humans to strengthen surveillance of the pathogen in humans and animals for the epidemialogical characteristics of the infection in order to reduce the infection and carrier rates of the pathogen in animals.