Abstract: Objective　The present study was designed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid andparatyphoid fever in Hongta district of Yuxi city from 1999 to 2006, providing evidence for effective prevention and controlof these diseases. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on epidemic surveillance data of typhoidand paratyphoid fever in Hongta district of Yuxi city from 1999 to 2006. Results　A total of 5326 cases were reported since1999, the annually averaged incidence being 130.0/lakh. The incidence ranged between 6.3/lakh and 371.0/lakh in individualyears. Affected cases were observed over the whole year, whereas a seasonal peak was marked from May to October, involving67.8% of cases. Differences between sexes were unremarkable. The youth aged 20 to 39 years were mostly affected, accountingfor 54.7% of all cases. Farmers, students, labor workers, cadres and staff were the occupations mostly affected by thediseases (76.2%). Conclusion　The high incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Hongta district demanded effective prevention and control measures.