Abstract: The influenza and avian influenza are two kinds of important human and animal diseases. The viruses of thesediseases have numerous types and can easily mutate, so the monitoring technology was vital to the disease prevention and control. The paper not only analyzed the mutation type and mechanism of influenza virus, but also introduced several common monitoring technologies on influenza virus. At last, the advantages, disadvantages and application prospect of these monitoring technologies were discussed in this paper.