Abstract: History showed that biological terrorist attacks were likely to spread pathogens widely in public, assault specific groups of people, disseminate through the food chain, and cause disasters through laboratories, economic warfare by biological means and other calamitous biological effects. Therefore, corresponding preventive and control measures should include the blockage at the source of pathogens, establishment of chemical and biological surveillance and early warning mechanisms, development of rapid diagnosis, prevention and management of high risk pathogens, and installation of disaster management plans and rapid response mechanisms. The government is to be the core in the handling of the disaster to coordinate various departments, set up coordinating institutions and fund the research and development of anti bioterrorism technology.