Abstract: ObjectiveTo discuss the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Kashi prefecture, 2001 to 2007, provide the evidence for the development and improvement of prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases. MethodsThe reported data of infectious disease were analyzed statistically. ResultsThe annual average morbidity of infectious diseases was 544.61/lakh, the mortality was 0.91/lakh, the case-fatality rate was 0.17/lakh. The priority infectious disease was pulmonary tuberculosis with the annual incidence rate of 194.22/lakh, accounting for 36.40% of the total incidence. The annual incidence rate of hepatitis B was 92.74/lakh, accounting for 17.23% of the total incidence. The annual incidence of bacillary dysentery was 783.65/lakh, accounting for 14.44% of the total incidence. The annual average incidence rate of sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.) was 68.25/lakh, accounting for 6.12% of the total incidence. The average annual incidence of hepatitis A was 27.84/lakh, accounting for 5.11% of the total incidence. The average annual incidence rate of typhoid was 24.65/lakh, accounting for 4.53% of the total incidence. ConclusionFrom 2001 to 2003, the incidence rates of various infectious diseases showed a decline trend. However, from 2004 to 2007, the incidence rates of various infectious diseases showed a increasing trend with the larger increases in the incidences of pulmonary tuberculosis, dysentery, gonorrhea and syphilis, but the incidence rates of measles, pertussis, hepatitis B and typhoid remained to decline.