Abstract: ObjectiveTo analyze the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about viral hepatitis among rural population of Tongzhou district in Beijing, and provide the scientific basis for the health education about viral hepatitis prevention. MethodsThe questionnaire survey was conducted among 448 people aged 15 years by multistage stratified cluster random sampling. ResultsThe awareness rate of hepatitis A, B vaccines and hepatitis transmission routes ranged from 53.1% to 96.9%. There was difference on the awareness of the knowledge in the people with different educational level, but there was no difference on their behaviors. The awareness rate of hepatitis A, B vaccines and hepatitis transmission routes was lower in farmers than that in other people. 98.2% of the people surveyed wish to know the knowledge about hepatitis prevention, and the vaccination rate of hepatitis A, B was 12.9%. The reasons for low vaccination rate included that the vaccination site was unknown (63.6%) and the vaccination notice was not received (17.6%). ConclusionThe awareness rate of the knowledge about hepatitis prevention in rural population in Tongzhou should be increased to reach the goal set for 2010. It is necessary to strengthen the health education by different methods to increase the awareness of the knowledge about hepatitis and the coverage of vaccination.