Abstract: ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiologic patterns and changes in the risk factors associated with HIV prevalence among drug users in Jiangxi province. MethodsAccording to the Guidelines for National Sentinel Surveillance, cross-sectional surveys were repeatedly conducted for surveillance among drug users. The analysis was based on the data derived from the national sentinel surveillance system in Jiangxi from 2005 to 2008. ResultsFrom 2005 to 2008, a total of 3346 drug users were surveyed. The surveillance revealed declined HIV infection rate among drug users, with the median HIV infection rates of 1.00%, 0.43%, 0.20% and 0.20%, respectively, during these years. The number of HIV-positive sentinels and the proportion of drug abuse and needle-sharing events, and of those who never used condoms during commercial sex behaviors were also shown to have declined. ConclusionControl measures being effective, intervention and surveillance shall still be further promoted for better control and prevention of AIDS prevalence among drug users in Jiangxi.