2013年北京市一起有麻疹疫苗免疫史人群中麻疹暴发疫情调查

A measles outbreak among people with measles vaccination history in Beijing

摘要: 2013年北京市发生一起麻疹暴发疫情，5例病例既往均接种过2剂及以上麻疹疫苗，最近一次接种日期距发病时间为8~21年；急性期血清麻疹IgM均为阴性，2例病例恢复期血清麻疹IgG水平比急性期有4倍以上升高，咽拭子核酸检测均为麻疹野病毒H1基因型。继发性免疫失败可能是此起疫情中有麻疹疫苗免疫史人群发病的主要原因，病原学标本核酸检测在继发性免疫失败人群麻疹病例确诊中具有重要作用。

Abstract: A measles outbreak occurred in Beijing in 2013. 5 cases were diagnosed, they all received more than 2 doses of measles vaccine 8-12 years ago. The serological detection indicated that measles IgM were negative in all cases and measles IgG titers in convalescent phase were 4 times higher than that in acute phase in 2 cases. Nucleic acid testing for swab specimens confirmed that the pathogen was measles virus genotype H1. Secondary measles immunization failure might be the main cause of vaccinated people to be affected in this outbreak. Virus nucleic acid detection plays an important role in the diagnosis of measles due to secondary immunization failure.