Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies reported through internet-based reporting system in Shiyan and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of public health emergency. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results A total of 130 public health emergencies were reported in Shiyan during this period, which caused 4914 disease cases and 20 deaths. Most public health emergencies were the epidemic of infectious disease, which mainly occurred in primary and middle schools in rural area.The major disease were influenza, mumps. Most public health emergencies were with small size, and those with large size were food poisoning events. Less public health emergencies were reported during winter and summer vacations in February and July. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases in rural primary and middle schools to reduce the public health emergency.