Abstract: Objective To understand the incidence of mumps in Zhengzhou from 2005 to 2009 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of mumps. Methods Retrospective epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of mumps in Zhengzhou during this period. Results A total of 9503 mumps cases were reported, the average annual incidence was 29.14/lakh. The cases occurred all the year round, but more than half of them occurred during March-July (55.84%). The cases were reported in all 16 districts (city), and the first five districts (city) reporting high incidences were Jinshui (18.18%), Erqi (12.39%), Zhongyuan (12.34%), Xingyang (11.69%) and Guangcheng (8.27%). The urban area to rural area ratio of the cases was 1.75 ∶ 1. The disease occurred in all age groups, but 8568 cases occurred in children and adolescents aged＜15 years, accounting for 89.92% of the total. Conclusion It is necessary to promote the use of MMR vaccine and strengthen the mumps prevention and control in schools and child care settings.