Abstract: Objective To analyze the surveillance results of dengue fever vector in Yichang during 2009-2010 and provide evidence for the further surveillance and the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The analysis on the surveillance data during this period was conducted. Results The index in breeding sites of Aedes larvae showed a upward and downward trend and was significantly higher and with more fluctuations in 2009 than in 2010. Statistical analysis indicated that the difference on the Breteau Index of 2 years was statistically significant, but the difference on the mosquito density was not statistically significant. Conclusion The breeding rate of Aedes larvae and mosquito density could be effectively controlled by conducting integrated measures, such as larvae breeding sites control and health education in community.