Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the density, species and the viral infection status of host animals in Zhejiang province in 2010, and provide scientific evidence for HFRS prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis and statistical analysis were conducted on the incidence data of HFRS in Zhejiang obtained from national disease reporting information system. Rodents were captured by night trapping, and their lung and serum samples were collected through aseptic technique. The antigen and antibody were detected by using immumofluorescence assay. The density, species proportion, viral infection rate and the sero-antibody positive rate of the rodents were calculated. Results Totally 457 cases of HFRS were reported in 2010, including three fatal cases, which was similar to that in 2009. Most HFRS cases were farmers aged 20-64 years. The male to female ratio of the cases was 2.715 ∶ 1. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were the predominant host animals for HFRS. The viral infection rate among rats was 3.86%. Conclusion The incidence of HFRS was stable in Zhejiang province in 2010. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were the predominant host animals Targeted surveillance and deratization should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of HFRS.