Abstract: Objective To learn about the plasma lipids level and related factors among the residents aged 18 years in Fenghua. Methods Multistage random cluster sampling were conducted to select study subjects, questionnaire survey, health examination and biochemical detection were performed among the selected subjects. The data were analyzed by t-test, 2 test and trend2 test. The risk factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Totally 600 people aged 18 years were surveyed. The average levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were 3.95, 1.36, 2.25 and 1.02 mmol/L, respectively. The TC, LDL-C and HDL-C levels in females were higher than those in the males (TC: t=-3.216,P=0.001;LDL-C: t=-2.396,P=0.017;HDL-C:t=2.498,P=0.013), the difference had statistical significance. The difference in TG levels between males and females had no statistical significance (t=-1.451,P=0.147). The dyslipidemia rate and borderline dyslipidemia rate were 64.50% and 6.33%, respectively. The age-adjusted standardized dyslipidemia rate and borderline dyslipidemia rate were 45.47% and 4.19%, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with age(trends2=13.884,P=0.000). The age-adjusted standardized abnormal rates of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were 1.53%, 6.78%, 1.04% and 42.92% respectively. The abnormal rate of HDL-C was higher in males than that in females(2=7.181,P=0.007)and increased with age. The risk factors of dyslipidemia included central obesity, aging and overweight or obesity. Conclusion High prevalence of dyslipidemia was found among the residents aged18 years old in Fenghua, especially the high abnormal rate of HDL-C. It is necessary to conduct targeted community based dyslipidemia prevention and treatment.