Abstract: Objective To understand the death causes in migrant children aged5 years in Shaoxing, and provide evidence for their health care. Methods The statistical analysis was conducted on the death surveillance data in children aged5 years in Shaoxing and the comparison of related data between local children and migrant children was made. Results In migrant children, the death rate was 5.40 in the new born,7.69 in infants and 9.85 in children aged 5 years, which were significantly higher than those in local children(P0.01). The leading death causes in migrant children were birth asphyxia, premature birth and low birth weight, drowning, accidental asphyxia and pneumonia. The rates of infectious disease death, injury death and untreated death were significantly higher than those in local children(P0.01). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the health education to improve the awareness of receiving health care service in pregnant women and children's parents in floating population to reduce the death in migrant children aged5 years.