Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Quzhou during 2010-2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of severe HFMD. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the incidence data of severe HFMD cases during this period. Results The severity of the cases in 2010 was more critical than in 2011 mainly differed in their body temperature, interval between onset and medical care seeking, fatigue, limbs buffeting and meningeal irritation sign degree as well as high WBC rare, the difference had statistical significance. The difference on epidemiological characteristics had no statistical significance. The cases were mainly distributed in rural area, and most cases were boys aged 5 years (age group 1-2 years) in and outside child care settings. The incidence peak of severe HFMD was during April-July. Conclusion EV71 was still the predominant pathogen of HFMD in Quzhou. The incidence of severe HFMD and case fatality could be effectively reduced by strengthening health education in risk population, improving environment sanitation, active disease surveillance and timely treatment of the patients.