Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 4 chronic diseases, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, malignant tumors and diabetes, in Huixian, Henan and provide evidences for the development of the prevention and control strategy. Methods The incidence data of 4 chronic diseases in Huixian in 2010 were collected from local chronic disease surveillance system to calculate the incidences and case proportions of the diseases. Results A total of 11 917 cases of 4 chronic diseases were reported with the overall incidence of 1455.37/lakh. The incidence of cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, malignant tumors and diabetes were 723.47/lakh (case proportion: 49.71%), 360.15/lakh (case proportion: 24.75%), 259.51/lakh (case proportion: 17.83%) and 112.23/lakh (case proportion 7.71%) respectively. The first five malignant tumors with high incidences were esophageal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer and intestinal cancer. Conclusion The incidence of 4 chronic diseases was high in Huixian, and cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease and malignant tumors had become the major threat to peoples health. It is suggested to strengthen the prevention and control of chronic diseases.