Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of pneumonia in children aged 5 years in Ningbo. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on the incidence data and etiological data of pneumonia cases in children aged 5 years in Ningbo from January 2009 to December 2012. Results The annual incidence of pneumonia in children aged 5 years had two peaks during March-April and during November-December. The cases in children aged 1 year accounted for 44.43% of the total. The major pathogens detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.16%), Haemophilus influenzae (16.73%). Acinetobacter baumannii (13.65%), Escherichia coli (12.00%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.46%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (7.05%). Conclusion The incidence of pneumonia in children had obvious seasonality. Children aged 1 were mainly affected by pneumonia. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Acinetobacter baumannii were major pathogens.