Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of paralysis sequela (including death) in acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the related data of AFP cases with residual paralysis in Fujian from 2000 to 2012.The risk factors of paralysis sequela were analyzed with univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression model. Results Totally 1790 of 1822 AFP cases (98.26%) were followed up 60 days after paralysis onset, and 295 cases (including 17 deaths) were found to be with residual paralysis. In 295 cases, the male cases was 2.13 times more than female cases, and 53.22% of the cases were aged2 years. Polioviruses were isolated from 23 cases, and non polio enteroviruses were isolated from 24 cases. The results of multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for residual paralysis included age1 year, unvaccinated or 1 dose vaccination history, visiting doctors many times, more serious initial paralysis and abnormal deep tendon reflex. Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence of residual paralysis in AFP case, effective measures must be taken, including improving timely and fully OPV immunization rate, strengthening clinical doctors training, timely detection of AFP cases and timely and rational treatment of severe cases.